четверг, 15 мая 2014 г.

The Philippine Sea plate is bordered by the larger Pacific and Eurasia plates and the smaller Sunda


After yesterday s strong M 6.1 earthquake registered some 99 km off the coast of Ifalik, Micronesia, the same location experienced another strong jolt today. USGS recorded continental airlines homepage the second quake at 08:16 UTC (18:16 local time) today as M 6.6.
The Philippine continental airlines homepage Sea plate is bordered by the larger Pacific and Eurasia plates and the smaller Sunda plate. The Philippine Sea plate is unusual in that its borders are nearly all zones of plate convergence. The Pacific plate is subducted into the mantle, south of Japan, beneath the Izu-Bonin and Mariana island arcs, which extend more than 3,000 km along the eastern margin of the Philippine Sea plate. This subduction zone is characterized by rapid plate convergence and high-level seismicity extending to depths of over 600 km. In spite of this extensive zone of plate convergence, the plate interface continental airlines homepage has been associated with few great (M 8.0) megathrust earthquakes. This low seismic energy release is thought to result from weak coupling along the plate interface (Scholz and Campos, 1995). These convergent plate margins are also associated with unusual zones of back-arc extension (along with resulting seismic activity) that decouple the volcanic island arcs from the remainder of the Philippine Sea Plate (Karig et al., 1978; Klaus et al., 1992).
South of the Mariana arc, the Pacific plate is subducted beneath the Yap Islands along the Yap trench. The long zone of Pacific plate subduction at the eastern margin of the Philippine Sea Plate is responsible for the generation of the deep Izu-Bonin, Mariana, and Yap trenches as well as parallel chains of islands and volcanoes, typical of circum-pacific island arcs. Similarly, the northwestern margin of the Philippine Sea plate is subducting beneath the Eurasia plate along a convergent zone, extending from southern Honshu to the northeastern coast of Taiwan, manifested by the Ryukyu Islands and the Nansei-Shoto (Ryukyu) trench. The Ryukyu Subduction Zone is associated with a similar zone of back-arc extension, the Okinawa Trough. At Taiwan, the plate boundary is characterized by a zone of arc-continent collision, whereby continental airlines homepage the northern end of the Luzon island arc is colliding with the buoyant crust of the Eurasia continental airlines homepage continental margin offshore China.
Along its western margin, the Philippine Sea plate is associated with a zone of oblique convergence with the Sunda Plate. This highly active convergent plate boundary extends along both sides the Philippine Islands, from Luzon in the north to the Celebes Islands in the south. The tectonic setting of the Philippines is unusual in several respects: it is characterized by opposite-facing subduction systems on its east and west sides; the archipelago is cut by a major transform fault, continental airlines homepage the Philippine Fault; and the arc complex itself is marked by active volcanism, faulting, and high seismic activity. Subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate occurs at the eastern margin of the archipelago along the Philippine Trench and its northern extension, continental airlines homepage the East Luzon Trough. The East Luzon Trough is thought to be an unusual example of a subduction zone in the process of formation, as the Philippine Trench system gradually extends northward (Hamburger et al., 1983). On the west side of Luzon, the Sunda Plate subducts eastward along a series of trenches, including the Manila Trench in the north, the smaller less well-developed Negros Trench in the central Philippines, continental airlines homepage and the Sulu and Cotabato trenches in the south (Cardwell et al., 1980). At its northern and southern terminations, subduction at the Manila Trench is interrupted by arc-continent collision, between the northern Philippine arc and the Eurasian continental margin at Taiwan and between the Sulu-Borneo Block and Luzon at the island of Mindoro. The Philippine fault, which extends over 1,200 km within the Philippine arc, is seismically active. The fault has been associated with major historical earthquakes, including the destructive M7.6 Luzon earthquake of 1990 (Yoshida and Abe, 1992). A number of other active intra-arc fault systems are associated with high seismic activity, including the Cotabato Fault and the Verde Passage-Sibuyan Sea Fault (Galgana et al., 2007).
Relative plate motion vectors near the Philippines (about 80 mm/yr) is oblique to the plate boundary along the two plate margins of central Luzon, where it is partitioned into orthogonal plate convergence along the trenches and nearly pure translational motion along the Philippine Fault (Barrier et al., 1991). Profiles B and C reveal evidence of opposing inclined seismic zones at intermediate depths (roughly 70-300 km) and complex tectonics at the surface along the Philippine Fault.
Several relevant tectonic elements, plate boundaries and active volcanoes, provide a context for the seismicity continental airlines homepage presented on the main map. The plate boundaries are most accurate along the axis of the trenches continental airlines homepage and more diffuse or speculative in the South China Sea and Lesser Sunda Islands. The active volcanic arcs (Siebert and Simkin, 2002) follow the Izu, Volcano, Mariana, and Ryukyu island chains and the main Philippine islands parallel to the Manila, Negros, Cotabato, and Philippine trenches.
continental airlines homepage Seismic activity along the boundaries of the Philippine Sea Plate (Allen et al., 2009) has produced 7 great (M 8.0) earthquakes and 250 large (M 7) events. Among the most destructive events were the 1923 Kanto, the 1948 Fukui and the 1995 Kobe (Japan) continental airlines homepage earthquakes continental airlines homepage (99,000, 5,100, and 6,400 casualties, respectively), the 1935 and the 1999 Chi-Chi (Taiwan) earthquakes continental airlines homepage (3,300 and 2,500 casualties, respectively), and the 1976 M7.6 Moro Gulf and 1990 M7.6 Luzon (Philippines) earthquakes (7,100 and 2,400 casualties, respectively). There have also been a number of tsunami-generating events in the region, including the Moro Gulf earthquake, whose tsunami resulted in more than 5000 deaths. (USGS) More information on regional seismicity and tectonics
continental airlines homepage If you ask the U.S.Geological Survey whether continental airlines homepage or not Earthquakes have increased in the last a few years they will tell you the number of Earthquakes remained steady. This statement of course contradicts their own statistics. In fact, the number continental airlines homepage of large magnitude earthquakes in the last 10 years is higher than the total number of Earthquakes(with the same magnitude)in the entire 20th century.
Parts of Serbia and Bosnia are experiencing worst rains and floods since measurements began. Heavy rain and floods were also reported in eastern Croatia.Serbian Prime Minister Aleksandar Vucic said this is the greatest flooding disaster ever... not only in the past 100 years; this has never happened in Serbia s history. More rain fell in one day than in four months. Evacuations of most critical areas are underway. Around 100 000 hoseholds, mostly in central Serbia, are without power.The worst hit regions in Bosnia are around capital Sarajevo and Zenica.Beli mermerni most počeo da puca. :( #Valjevo #poplava pic.twitter.com/IG58vEEXj2 continental airlines homepage Maja Savić (@Boja_Zivota) May 15, 2014Valjevski fotograf Dragan Krunić spasao je jedan život. Respect. #Valj
The shrinkage of Jupiter s Great Red Spot has been known about since the 1930s but latest images by Hubble Space Telescope confirm continental airlines homepage the increasing shrinkage continental airlines homepage rate observed by amateur astronomers since 2012. Science has no answer as to why this is happening.Historic observations as far back as the late 1800s estimated this turbulent spot to span about 41 000 kilometers at its widest point. In 1979 and 1980 the NASA Voyager fly-bys measured the spot at a shrunken continental airlines homepage 23 335 kilometers across.Hubble Space Telescope observations from April 2014 showed that the spot is now just under 16 500 kilometers across, the smallest diameter ever measured.In this comparison image the photo at the top was taken by Hubble s Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 in 1995 and shows the spot at a
As comet-chaser Rosetta approached its target to roughly 2 million km in early May, images captured by OSIRIS clearly showed that the comet has already developed 1 300 km long coma. This onset of activity offers scientists the opportunity to study dust production and structures within the coma before getting much closer. The following images of 67P/Churyumov Gerasimenko were taken between March 27 and May 4, as the gap between craft and comet closed from around 5 million km to 2 million km. Comet s nucleus is roughly 4 km across and cannot yet be resolved . Comet 67P/Churyumov continental airlines homepage Gerasimenko developing coma. Image credit: ESA/Rosetta/MPS for OSIRIS Team MPS/UPD/LAM/IAA/SSO/INTA/UPM/DASP/IDA
continental airlines homepage Researchers find that the average latitude where tropical cyclones achieve maximum intensity has been shifting poleward since 1980.Over the past 30 years, the location where tropical continental airlines homepage cyclones reach maximum intensity has been shifting toward the poles in both the northern and southern hemispheres at a rate of about 35 miles, or one-half a degree of latitude, per decade according to a new study, The Poleward continental airlines homepage Migration of the Location of Tropical Cyclone Maximum Intensity, published yesterday in Nature.As tropical cyclones move into higher latitudes, some regions closer to the equator may experience reduced risk, while coastal populations continental airlines homepage and infrastructure poleward of the tropics may experience increased risk. With their devastating winds and flooding, tropical cyclones can especia
Strong earthquake continental airlines homepage measuring M 6.2 was registered continental airlines homepage off the coast of Negros island, Philippines, on May 15 at 10:16 UTC (18:16 local time). This is the third M6+ earthquake registered in last 12 hours. continental airlines homepage USGS reports depth of 53.2 km (33.1 miles). Epicenter was located 38 km (24 miles) WSW of Alim, 70 km (43 miles) W of Bayawan and 587 km (365 miles) SSW of capital continental airlines homepage Manila.There are 802 058 people living within 100 km radius.Green alert was issued for shaking-related fatalities and economic losses. There is a low likelihood of casualties and damage.Overall, the population in this region resides in structures that are vulnerable to earthquake shaking, though

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